Let CCS help you access the Public Sector Decarbonisation funding scheme

Can CCS help you access the latest round of the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero’s capital grant funding scheme?

The Public Sector Decarbonisation Scheme

Phase 4 of the Public Sector Decarbonisation Scheme has recently been confirmed, with public sector bodies in England (and those with reserved powers in Scotland, Wales and NI) able to apply for grant funding from 9 October. 

This is a much-in-demand funding stream available to support the decarbonisation of public sector buildings during a period of budget pressures.  CCS can help you maximise the returns on your investment and deliver your procurement quickly and efficiently.

With established compliant routes to market in place, CCS can save time and resources on your procurement process – providing a route to appointing a contractor who can deliver the works within the timescales determined by the grant scheme.  

The routes to market

The Demand Management and Renewables (DMR) Dynamic Purchasing System (RM6313) and Framework agreement (RM6314) both provide a route to market to access approved Suppliers, able to deliver works and services within solar, heat decarbonisation and other energy efficiency measures that align with projects set out in the scheme. 

Whether you are looking for an off-the-shelf product or full end-to-end service delivery, we can accommodate a range of project types.

The DMR agreements have a proven track record. For example, they have previously supported a number of NHS Trusts in the design and installation of a rooftop solar photovoltaic procurement. Elsewhere they have provided local authority and higher education organisations with a solution for heat pump installations across their estates. 

The deadline to apply is 25 November 2024. The previous Phases have been over-subscribed, so please don’t hesitate to contact CCS at info@crowncommercial.gov.uk and speak with the Sustainability and Demand Management and Renewables teams for more information and support.

Other agreements

We also have several other agreements you may want to consider as part of your project delivery including:

You can access information on all the funding and grants available in the Carbon Net Zero sector on our webpage.

Changes to our agreements in September

Welcome to our monthly framework update to help you with your procurement planning. We will publish it online each month and also share it in our newsletters and on our social media channels.

The update provides a brief summary of what has been awarded, extended or expired during the previous month. It also outlines what is due to expire in the next 3 months.

You can also get an overview of all of our live frameworks in our interactive digital brochure.

Agreements awarded in September

Agreements extended in September

Agreements that expired in September

Agreements due to expire in the next 3 months

Further information

If you need further details about any of these agreements get in touch.

You can also find out what new procurements we are working on by exploring our upcoming agreement page.

If you don’t currently receive our monthly customer newsletter why not also subscribe to receive these updates and more directly to your inbox? fill in this short form.

Our new CEO, Sam Ulyatt sets out her vision and priorities for CCS

Can you tell us a bit about yourself, your background and your journey to becoming CEO for Crown Commercial Service (CCS)?

I started my working career as an apprentice in chemical manufacturing and so I didn’t ‘grow up’ in the civil service. I joined in 2016 – as a Commercial Director for CCS. Because I’d come from the private sector I had to quickly learn the new language that you encounter when you first start in the Civil Service – for example, what is a private office and a ministerial submission. Fortunately, I was lucky to have supportive colleagues who taught me everything I needed to know. CCS was and still is an environment where people feel listened to and respected and I’m proud to be part of that.

I was leading the estates pillar, responsible for construction, facilities management and energy – supporting multiple government departments. Because I’d previously worked in the nuclear sector, energy and water utilities and also in pharmaceuticals and chemical manufacturing, walking into the Civil Service and being accountable for that infrastructure spend was a natural move for me. 

I was with CCS for three and a half years and then I moved across to become Chief Commercial Officer at the Home Office. I was there for four years and played a pivotal role in addressing numerous commercial and operational challenges and was responsible for leading the transformation of the team. It was a great experience with a talented team, but when the CEO opportunity came up at CCS I knew I had to go for it – it was a purpose I felt passionate to lead.

What was it about this new role that tempted you to return to CCS? How has it changed in the four years you’ve been away?

Working for CCS is the opportunity to make a difference to UK citizens and drive waste out of public sector spending through clear missions and utilising commercial skills to ensure this happens. 

I see CCS as a systems integrator across government – its function is to apply commercial expertise and to challenge if money is being spent with due diligence. 

I think it’s evident that CCS is really proud of its people and its mission, in particular the support it provided across government during the pandemic, including working with DHSC Test and Trace to provide 48 COVID-19 testing sites across Liverpool. I can also see its openness to change and innovation – in the four years since I’ve been away I think there’s some things we need to do more of, some we need to do less of. 

It’s been great to see new people since I came back, and in my capacity as CEO I’m focused on how I can allow all these great people to do their job to the best of their ability.

What will you bring to your leadership of the organisation?

I bring a style of leadership that empowers and enables people to bring their true selves to work, to really be themselves. I want to bring the best out in people through diversity of thought and experience and being a leader is about creating the environment for all.  I really do practise the values of CCS, and one of those values is listening. Listening to and understanding each other brings mutual respect. 

Working for the Home Office I also have a customer perspective. I know what it is like to walk in their shoes and I am confident that we can better support the commercial colleagues in departments and the wider public sector. 

How will you build on Simon Tse’s leadership?

Simon Tse has set down solid foundations. We’ve come such a long way in seven years – from £430 million of commercial benefits for customers to £4.9 billion. 

I’m planning to accelerate in certain areas, for example building on customer and citizen focus, and on making sure CCS is simpler to deal with and our agreements are easier to use. I’m not shy of making any decisions that need to be made and keen to collaborate across government to ensure outcomes are achieved and focused.

Digitalisation is a real opportunity. We need to bring strategic insights into markets for the customers that we serve to enable them to buy smarter and better. 

We’ve got the people and the skills to show our worth across government – what an opportunity. We are all custodians of public money. We’ve focused and done well on the spend, now we need to make the transition from spend into increasing value and what measures we will use for this in a way that is meaningful for our customers.

What is your vision for the organisation over the next ten years and where will you start?

I want to take CCS to the next level and for it to transition over the next ten years from an organisation that provides commercial agreements to one that provides insights and does things differently, really attracting the brightest and best suppliers and employees into government. 

My starting point is a passion for evidenced data to support making decisions which are informed and have a real customer focus. We are at the heart of all the government missions and can support the integration alongside the whole commercial function. We should be a critical delivery engine into making our country and our public services an envy across the globe. 

Based on your first few weeks in the role, what do you see as your biggest challenges over the next twelve months?

The fiscal position of the UK is incredibly tight, so I think the challenge for the government is to make sure it’s making the right long-term decisions. As a country we may have to spend to save. It’s something that we need to be supporting as an organisation.

We also need to create the best environment to work in. As an organisation we have so much talent and potential. It’s important that we nurture the next generation of talent as an organisation and build an environment in which people can use their skills to unlock innovation in the public sector.

I understand you’re based in the Northwest. Where do you work from when you’re there? How do you balance your time between the Northwest and Whitehall?

I live in Cheshire, and as a working mum I’m very purposeful about how I spend my time. From a productivity point of view, I make sure that I’m in Whitehall when I need to be.

Eighty five per cent of CCS people are based outside of London and, besides Liverpool, there are also offices in Newport, Birmingham and Norwich, and I split my time between them. Simon Tse was based in Wales so I’m continuing the tradition of a CEO working outside of London. 

At one time, people might have felt that living in the north of England limited their career progression within the Civil Service. I believe that just because of where you live it shouldn’t thwart talent. I lead the Northern commercial council that supports all the commercial roles based in the north of England as part of the commercial function, and take pride in supporting careers inside and outside of London.

As a commercial function, we’ve done well in supporting local employment. I’m supportive of Government hubs wherever they may be. I’m looking at the functional agenda within that space. 

How will CCS support the new government’s missions?

CCS is a key enabler to the government’s mission. With our skill sets and values we are the people that can help and support getting rid of waste and help get the country back on track.

In each of the mission areas – growth, opportunity, energy, an NHS fit for the future and safer streets –  CCS will be at the heart of what this government does. We exist to support the missions of the government and the departments who deliver. The majority of what we do links to all the missions. It’s a new chapter for us and it feels like an opportunity to better support public services. 

What will the future of public sector procurement look like, in light of the Procurement Act 2023?

I’m excited. I see CCS as being a centre of excellence for the new regulations. A big key around this is around transparency, it’s about making sure that there is transparency for suppliers of all sizes. I think the system will provide that transparency and we can better support the whole public sector and supply chains. 

As a key constituent of the commercial function, we will be at the forefront of leading the changes that will come from the new procurement regulations. 

What are your thoughts on the recent National Audit Office report into efficiency in government procurement of common goods and services?

I read the report as an incoming CEO. It’s fair and has some good observations and recommendations. We will continue to work on the recommendations. At the end of the day we all have the same end goal in mind – getting value for the public sector. 

Download our digital brochure to learn more about our commercial agreements and how we help our customers bring power to their procurement.

First published in Civil Service World on 23rd September 2024.

Changes to our agreements in August

Welcome to our monthly framework update to help you with your procurement planning. We will publish it online each month and also share it in our newsletters and on our social media channels.

The update provides a brief summary of what has been awarded, extended or expired during the previous month. It also outlines what is due to expire in the next 3 months.

You can also get an overview of all of our live frameworks in our interactive digital brochure.

Agreements awarded in August

Agreements extended in August

Agreements that expired in August

No agreements expired in August.

Agreements due to expire in the next 3 months

Further information

If you need further details about any of these agreements get in touch.

You can also find out what new procurements we are working on by exploring our upcoming agreement page.

If you don’t currently receive our monthly customer newsletter why not also subscribe to receive these updates and more directly to your inbox? fill in this short form.

How to remain compliant as a public sector contracting authority

NB: This article was originally published on 30 August 2024. All information was correct at the time of writing, but may not be fully applicable following the introduction of the Procurement Act 2023.

In England and Wales, the regulatory framework governing public sector procurement is currently outlined in the Public Contracts Regulations 2015 (PCR 2015).

Failure to comply with PCR 2015 can result in a number of consequences including, but not limited to, legal challenges, financial penalties for contracting authorities, the award of damages to an operator which has suffered loss or damages as a result of the breach and reputational damage.

Transforming Public Procurement

On 26 October 2023 the landmark Procurement Bill was granted Royal Assent and became the Procurement Act 2023. The Procurement Regulations 2024 were then laid in Parliament on 25 March 2024. This statutory instrument (SI), which is a form of secondary legislation, applies a broad range of powers within the Procurement Act 2023 and provides additional detail about various aspects of the new procurement regime –  The SI available to view

Once the Procurement Regulations 2024 have commenced, or are ‘live’, these new regulations will apply to all agreements created after that time. From then on, all activity carried out under new agreements must comply with it. 

However, the new regulations are not retroactive. The Public Contracts Regulations (PCR) 2015, which previously governed procurement activity in the UK, will continue to apply to any CCS agreements created prior to the ‘go live’ of the new regime. Find out more about preparing for Procurement Regulations 2024.

What are the Public Contracts Regulations 2015?

The Public Contracts Regulations 2015 (PCR 2015) remains the key legislation for procurement activities undertaken by public sector bodies in England and Wales. 

These regulations aim to ensure that public procurement processes are fair, transparent, and non-discriminatory.

Many factors affect whether PCR 2015 applies. PCR 2015 Regulation 2 defines contracting authorities as:

  • the State
  • regional or local authorities
  • bodies governed by public law
  • associations formed by one or more such authorities or bodies

The key principles of PCR 2015 are:

  • equal treatment: all suppliers must be treated fairly and without discrimination, ensuring that everyone has an equal opportunity to participate in the procurement process
  • transparency: procurement activities must be conducted transparently, with clear and accessible information provided to all stakeholders to promote trust and accountability
  • competition: the regulations aim to encourage competition by inviting a diverse range of suppliers to participate in procurement processes, preventing anti-competitive behaviour
  • proportionality: procurement procedures should be proportionate to the value and complexity of the contract, minimizing administrative burdens for both contracting authorities and suppliers
  • publication of notices: contracting authorities are required to publish contract notices in the Find a Tender Service (FTS), FTS is free to use and replaces the role of Tenders Electronic Daily, the Official Journal of the EU (OJEU/TED) for procurements in the UK, providing details of the procurement opportunity and inviting interested suppliers to participate

Why compliance is essential 

By adhering to the requirements outlined in the Public Contracts Regulations 2015, contracting authorities can promote accountability, mitigate risks, and achieve value for money in the procurement of goods and services for the public sector. 

Through ongoing training, resource allocation, and robust procurement processes, contracting authorities can navigate the complexities of procurement regulation and contribute to the delivery of high-quality public services for the benefit of citizens across the UK.

Responsibilities for contracting authorities

There are a number of obligations that contracting authorities must meet to remain compliant with the PCR2015:

  • publication of notices: contracting authorities must publish contract notices in the Official Journal of the European Union (OJEU) for contracts that exceed certain thresholds. These notices provide details of the procurement opportunity and invite interested suppliers to participate
  • adherence to procurement procedures: contracting authorities are required to follow prescribed procurement procedures, which may include open, restricted, competitive dialogue, or negotiated procedures. These procedures are designed to ensure fairness and transparency throughout the procurement process
  • evaluation of tenders: contracting authorities must evaluate tenders in accordance with predetermined criteria and award criteria specified in the contract notice. The evaluation process must be conducted objectively and without bias, taking into account the stated requirements of the contract
  • notification of decisions: contracting authorities are obligated to notify all participating suppliers of the outcome of the procurement process. This includes informing successful suppliers of their selection and providing feedback to unsuccessful bidders upon request
  • standstill period: following the award of a contract, contracting authorities must observe a standstill period during which unsuccessful suppliers can challenge the decision. This period allows suppliers to seek clarification and, if necessary, take legal action to address any concerns regarding the procurement process

Compliance challenges

While the regulations aim to promote compliance and best practice in public sector procurement, contracting authorities may need help to ensure adherence to these requirements. 

Challenges can include understanding the complexity of the regulations, facing resourcing constraints or not having the required technical expertise within teams. 

Buying through CCS complies with procurement regulations but simplifies the process for buyers.

Our commercial agreements have standardised contract terms and guidance for buyers, and are free to use for public sector and third sector organisations, for example, local authorities, charities and housing associations.

We have commercial expertise, deep knowledge of product and service categories, and national buying power.

Find out more

If you require support with using any CCS agreements, please do not hesitate to contact us on 0345 410 2222 or info@crowncommercial.gov.uk.

Did you know CCS also provides a free, end-to-end, Assisted Procurement Service that can help public sector customers save time and money? 

More: You can now find all of our Procurement Essentials articles in one place on our website

More information and guidance for public and third sector buyers, as well as full details of all of our commercial agreements, can be found in the latest digital brochure

Updated commercial pipeline – Procurement Act 2023

The new Procurement Act 2023 received Royal Assent in October 2023, and the Cabinet Office anticipates that the new regime will go live in February 2025.

We are currently considering these timescales as we plan any upcoming procurement activity. 

Please note that the Procurement Act 2023 is not retroactive.  All current live commercial agreements will continue operating under the Public Contract Regulations 2015 (PCR2015). We will operate agreements under both PCR2015 and the Procurement Act 2023 for a period of time; at least until existing agreements expire, are replaced, or cease to exist.  

We are pleased to provide you with the latest priority list of commercial agreements anticipated to be awarded under the new regime.

NB: Following the announcement of the delay of the go-live of the new regulations to February 2025, we are currently reviewing this pipeline. It will be updated to reflect any changes once this review is complete.

Commercial pipeline

There are currently 17 commercial agreements on the list, and it is currently anticipated that their associated tender documentation will be published between October 2024 and October 2025:

  • Space Technology Solutions
  • Technology Services 4
  • DOS 7
  • Multifunctional Devices
  • Transport Technology
  • Tyres, Glass and Telematics
  • Courier, Distribution, Storage and Specialist Solutions
  • Tail Spend Solutions
  • Media and Creative Framework
  • Debt Resolution Services 2
  • Fuel Card and Associated Services
  • Legal Panel for Government
  • Outsourced Contact Centre and Business Services
  • Audit and Assurance Services
  • Permanent Recruitment Solutions
  • Estates Management Service 2
  • Construction Professional Services 2

The category teams responsible for these commercial agreements are currently engaging customers and suppliers to develop their commercial and procurement strategies. As part of this activity, consideration will be given to developing associated digital platforms and/or contractual documentation to ensure full compliance with the new procurement regime.

As our category teams complete this exercise, there is always the potential for the procurement timescales and the position of the commercial agreement on the list to change.

Awarding commercial agreements under the new regime will be new for everyone, and in CCS, we are adopting new ways of working to ensure all key stakeholders have had the chance to discuss and consider all key dependencies, issues and challenges as well as identifying any opportunities the new regime will bring. This means we will be continually reviewing and amending the priority list.

Find out more

If you need further details about any of these agreements, please get in touch.

You can also find out what other procurements we are working on by exploring our upcoming deals page.

If you don’t currently receive our monthly customer newsletter why not also subscribe to receive these updates and more directly to your inbox? Just fill in this short form.

New centralised agreement for the procurement of adult education and training services in the UK goes live

The Adult Skills and Learning DPS [RM6348] will give public sector bodies access to all the training services they require in order to help the general public (adults and young people) develop the skills they need to gain employment, prepare for an apprenticeship or progress into further qualifications. Training is available regionally and nationally and covers a wide range of subjects, such as English, maths and computer skills, project management and artificial intelligence.

It is the first time these services have been available under one centralised commercial agreement and will save public sector organisations, including central government departments, local authorities, and colleges the time and resources required to manage their commercial procurements. DPSs are easy to use and can reduce procurement times – a simple procurement can be initiated in a matter of days, significantly shorter than more traditional procurements which can often take months.  

The DPS supports both post-16 and post-19 education, and a range of funding types such as the adult skills fund and the UK Shared Prosperity Fund. It is future proofed and contains provision to include new iterations of these schemes and any future funding schemes. It will be open for use by all UK public sector bodies using their public funding for training. 

Helen MacCarthy, Commercial Director, Corporate at CCS said:

This new DPS will enable public sector bodies to better support young and adult learners to gain skills which will lead them to meaningful, sustained, and relevant employment, or enable them to progress to further learning.

It isn’t just about saving CCS customers time and money. It’s about greater access to opportunities and securing a better future for us all.

The Adult Skills and Learning DPS will run for 4 years. The majority of onboarded suppliers are expected to be SMEs, with the minimum requirements for suppliers designed to encourage SMEs to apply. The agreement will continue to be compliant under Public Contract Regulations 2015 following the introduction of the Procurement Regulations 2024. 

Innovations and benefits

  • a future-proofed solution. Suppliers can join the DPS at any time during its lifespan, allowing new training providers to be onboarded and new funding schemes used as they emerge 
  • shorter timescales compared to an open procurement – a time and resource saving alternative for public sector bodies to developing and managing their own adult skills DPS/framework
  • a filtering system to enable buyers to invite only suppliers relevant to their needs. It can be filtered by delivery locations, sector subject areas and qualification levels.
  • all suppliers are registered with the UK Register of Learning Providers 

Find out more

To find out more about Adult Skills and Learning DPS visit the agreement webpage or contact the CCS Service Desk at info@crowncommercial.gov.uk / 0345 410 2222.

Don’t forget, you can find a full list of all the commercial agreements we offer, alongside details of how we can help you build policy considerations into your procurement, in our interactive digital brochure.

Changes to our agreements in July

Welcome to our monthly framework update to help you with your procurement planning. We will publish it online each month and also share it in our newsletters and on our social media channels.

The update provides a brief summary of what has been awarded, extended or expired during the previous month. It also outlines what is due to expire in the next 3 months.

You can also get an overview of all of our live frameworks in our interactive digital brochure.

Agreements awarded in July

No agreements were awarded in July.

Agreements extended in July

Agreements that expired in July

  • RM6145 Learning and Development

Agreements due to expire in the next 3 months

Further information

If you need further details about any of these agreements please get in touch.

You can also find out what new procurements we are working on by exploring our upcoming agreement page.

If you don’t currently receive our monthly customer newsletter why not also subscribe to receive these updates and more directly to your inbox? Just fill in this short form.

£3.5 billion of central government spend given to small businesses last year

CCS, the UK’s biggest public procurement organisation, reported £3.52 billion (16.7%) of central government spend directly with 1,525 Small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) over the last year, as we continue our goal to support SMEs. 

CCS publishes accounts for 2023/4

CCS today published its annual report and accounts for 2023/2024, which show the rise of £370 million compared to 2022/23.

Throughout the year we have continued to design our commercial agreements to ensure SMEs can benefit, with 72% of the suppliers on our commercial agreements now either micro (37%), small (23%) or medium (12%) sized enterprises.

Significant commercial benefits of £4.9 billion were delivered for customers across the public sector  – an increase of £1.1 billion compared to the previous year, achieving record value for taxpayers. 

This includes 8 customers achieving over 80% savings (around £1.4million) by joining a quarterly mobile voice and data services aggregation. 

Throughout the year, £30.3 billion of direct spend was channelled through our commercial agreements, supporting customers with procurements worth a total annual contract value of over £2.7 billion. Customer service satisfaction scores also rose across the year.

In April, we marked our 10-year anniversary, announcing notable successes such as the choice of approved suppliers on its commercial agreements increasing significantly from 1,700 to more than 10,000, and the scope of its commercial agreements growing to approximately 120 currently live agreements used by more than 21,000 customers.

Chair of the CCS Board, Peter George said: 

I’m delighted that 2023/24 has seen continued success for CCS in achieving even more commercial benefits for our customers. Our core purpose is putting customers first and we will continue to do this by strengthening our value offering over the next few years.

My sincerest gratitude to Simon Tse CBE, our CEO for his contributions to CCS and the journey he has taken the organisation on in his 6 years at the helm. 

I’m looking forward to welcoming our new CEO, Sam Ulyatt, to CCS and working with her to achieve our vision of becoming a world class and leading procurement organisation.

CEO of CCS, Simon Tse said: 

2023/24 has seen a focus for CCS on how best we can offer excellent value for our customers. Almost £5 billion in commercial benefits is a significant increase from last year and one that I am proud to announce. It isn’t just about saving our customers time and money. It’s about securing a better future for us all. Improving health care, public services, transport, local communities, the environment and so much more.

CCS has gone from strength to strength over the past few years, and, as I retire this summer after 8 years within the organisation, I know my colleagues will continue to embrace the changes and opportunities that are coming this year and beyond.

The year at a glance

  • £3.52 billion (16.7%) of central government spend directly with 1,525 SMEs, an increase of £370 million in spend compared to 2022/23. 
  • Customers who have used our agreements have achieved commercial benefits equivalent to £4.9 billion
  • We helped customers with procurements worth a total annual contract value of over £2.7 billion
  • £30.3 billion of direct spend was channelled through our commercial agreements
  • Our Net Promoter Scores for customer satisfaction over the year were: +67 for Customer Service +69 for Assisted Procurement

Read the full report

You can read CCS’s annual report and accounts on gov.uk.

You can find a full list of all the commercial agreements CCS offers, alongside details of how CCS can help you build policy considerations into your procurement, in our interactive digital brochure.

Net Zero 50 recognition for CCS success in Sustainability Innovation

Huge congratulations to Nick Drake, CCS Sustainability Lead for Net Zero Innovation, who has been selected as one of this year’s Net Zero 50 List for the UK.

The Net Zero 50 List 2024 highlights the ongoing efforts of 50 inspiring individuals from various sectors across the UK who are leading the charge towards decarbonisation.

The list is compiled by the Net Zero Advisory Panel, made up of senior technology, business and impact experts.

By assembling this list of exceptional talent, the panel aims to showcase the UK’s role in global sustainability efforts and to advance cross-sector conversations. This helps create a network focused on innovative solutions for achieving Net Zero.

Nick was invited to an official reception at the House of Lords to mark the launch of this year’s list.

Nick welcomed the accolade, saying:

 

Being recognised as a Net Zero 50 leader is a tribute to the tremendous work done by the whole CCS Sustainability and Carbon Net Zero team, and for CCS’s role as an organisation in accelerating Net Zero progress.

Over the last few years we’ve made significant steps in internal engagement, learning and development, supplier and customer engagement, Net Zero innovation, Carbon Reduction Plans and our wider Sustainability strategy.

This award should further open up strategic relationships across Government, with suppliers and customers. I look forward to us embracing this renewed vigour and the opportunity for collaboration and action to achieve our Net Zero target.

 

Joe Tilley, Sustainability Director and Strategic Portfolio, added:

 

This is a major recognition of the outstanding work that Nick, the Sustainability team and CCS as a whole has been putting into positioning us as a leader in finding solutions to the Net Zero and wider Sustainability challenge.

Our unique position at the core of public sector procurement gives us an outsize influence in decarbonising the UK economy.

We can work with both suppliers and customers to achieve results at both ends of the procurement cycle – giving CCS a real multiplier effect and maximising the economic and social benefits of sustainability.

Nick’s place in the Net Zero 50 list is proof of the success we’re finding in our innovative approach to Net Zero.